Development Of Transport Infrastructure Research Articles

MECHANISMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN TRADE ACTIVITIES IN THE URALS FEDERAL DISTRICT IN THE CONTEXT OF SANCTIONS RESTRICTIONS

The Ural Federal District (UrFO) is one of the most important economic administrativeterritorial units of the Russian Federation. The main branches of specialization of the Ural Federal District are oil and gas production, mining, metallurgy and mechanical engineering. In recent years, the region has faced significant difficulties due to economic sanctions imposed by Western countries. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to analyze the foreign trade activities of the Ural Federal District and develop mechanisms for its development. The tasks of the Ural Federal District include to determine the trade structure, main consumers and suppliers in order to identify the most affected sectors of foreign trade activities from the imposed sanctions; to develop mechanisms for the development of foreign trade activities of the Ural Federal District in relation to each of the regions that make up it. The study revealed that in 2021 the Ural Federal District's foreign trade relations were mainly with unfriendly countries, which currently restrict exports and imports of the Russian Federation. Taking into account the peculiarities of the region, the author proposed the following mechanisms for the development of foreign trade activities of the Ural Federal District: export diversification, orientation to hightech industries, development of transport and digital infrastructure, promotion of small and medium-sized export-oriented enterprises, state support.

ECONOMIC AND FUNCTIONAL DIMENSIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION

Under current conditions of growing interdependence of national economies, global supply chains are being transformed and trade flows are being reoriented. The dynamics and scale of these processes are largely determined by the efficiency of international transport corridors. Investments in transport corridors have a significant multiplier effect on the entire economy by stimulating the development of transport and logistics and related sectors of the economy, creating a growing demand in labour markets, and developing global value chains, international production, trade and logistics networks. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of international transport corridors on the development of territories at the national and regional levels. The use of descriptive statistics allowed to assess the impact of international transport corridors on the level of economic development, trade openness and foreign trade volumes based on the analysis of data from 121 countries. The links between the zones of influence of international transport corridors and other functional types of territories in Ukraine were investigated. The territorial coefficient of environmental load in the context of Ukrainian regions was calculated. The results of the study will be useful for both researchers in the field of logistics and transport infrastructure development and policymakers in the field of transport and economic policy.

Penegakan Hukum Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas Merokok Saat Berkendara Oleh Satuan Lalu Lintas Polresta Bukittinggi

The development of road transport infrastructure has an important role in supporting economic activities, but on the other hand it gives rise to various problems regarding traffic law violations, accidents, etc. To prevent this, law enforcement officers are needed who have the authority and responsibility for state security and order, namely the State Police of the Republic of Indonesia as stated in their main duties, namely Law Number 2 of 2022 concerning the State Police of the Republic of Indonesia. Motor vehicle accident cases that occur in Indonesia have attracted a lot of public attention. One of them is caused by the driver not focusing when driving the vehicle. An action that is often carried out by motorbike riders is smoking while driving. There are already regulations prohibiting smoking while driving, which are contained in the Regulation of the Minister of Transportation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2019 Article 6C. The research will analyze the law enforcement process for smoking while driving traffic violations by the Bukittinggi Police Traffic Unit and its obstacles and efforts to overcome these obstacles. This research includes library research, the approach method is empirical juridical, in the real sense and examines the law in society and how the law relates to society. The data required is primary and secondary data, collected through interviews, documents and literature review. The results of the research show that the public does not yet have the awareness of smoking-free driving, while the law enforcement provided by the police is only limited to warnings, this makes drivers continue to commit traffic violations due to the lack of strict law enforcement provided. Even though the regulations exist, law enforcement is still weak, in terms of community habits and law enforcement officers. 

Developing urban infrastructure constructions for increasing e-commerce sales: the moderating roles of aging population

PurposeThe aging population, a higher proportion of older adults (aged 65+), is considered a global and severe problem, while the information systems (IS) literature on detecting the relationship between the aging population and the development of electronic commerce (e-commerce) is limited and insufficient. Hence, the main objective of this paper is to examine whether an aging population can moderate the effect of infrastructure constructions on e-commerce sales and whether an aging population can affect e-commerce sales.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate the relationship between the aging population and e-commerce sales, this study proposes two potential influential mechanisms: moderating the effects of infrastructure development on e-commerce sales and direct influence. Subsequently, a sample of 31 Chinese provinces from 2013 to 2019 is utilized to conduct regression analyses in order to examine these hypotheses.FindingsThe findings suggest that the development of urban transportation infrastructure and network constructions can significantly contribute to the enhancement of e-commerce sales, and the influence cannot be affected by aging population. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that an aging population can have a positive effect on e-commerce sales.Practical implicationsThe findings can inform future infrastructure constructions by assessing the potential of infrastructure projects to boost e-commerce sales and examining whether this effect varies in an aging population context.Originality/valueThe findings substantiate the pivotal role of older adults in the e-commerce industry. Moreover, the obtained results establish a positive relationship between an aging population and e-commerce sales, thereby offering diverse perspectives on existing theories.

Stabilization of Loose Soils as Part of Sustainable Development of Road Infrastructure

In the context of growing demand for road infrastructure expansion, sustainability is of key importance. Enhancing road construction technology ensures efficient, durable transportation infrastructure, vital for economic growth. Responsible road construction, especially in areas of historical and environmental significance, is essential. Preserving ecosystems and local heritage in road planning protects valuable areas and supports regional sustainability. Rural roads, often in forested areas, should maintain natural aesthetics. Economic challenges require flexible, efficient roads. Many existing unpaved roads, especially in rural and forest environments, fail to meet increasing traffic and load of heavy agricultural and maintenance vehicles. Soil stabilization methods, discussed in various publications, offer sustainable solutions. Research on ecofriendly binding additives provides the opportunity to reduce cement consumption and CO2 emissions. Such innovations enhance road efficiency, reduce maintenance costs, and benefit the environment. Investing in modern road technologies mitigates climate change effects by reducing emissions and protecting ecosystems. Our research indicates that soil stabilization technologies significantly improve road strength and durability. Additives can increase compressive strength by over 50% with minimal cement content. Continued research into road quality and durability is vital for sustainable transport infrastructure development. The results presented in this paper were obtained after two periods of solidification: after 7 and 30 days, with three types of ads (ion-exchangeable, chemical, and polymeric) to cement. In all tests, compaction strength improved by at least 35% in samples with the lowest cement content.

Impact of transport superiority on ecosystem health in arid regions: A case study of southern Xinjiang, China

The increasingly improved transportation infrastructure network is the prerequisite and foundation for driving regional development. Scientifically investigating the mechanisms by which the transport superiority degree (TSD) in arid regions affects the health of ecosystems holds significant practical value and importance for ecosystem protection and regional sustainable development. This study investigates the impact of the TSD on the Ecosystem Health Levels (EHL) in Southern Xinjiang, China, an area characterized by its arid climate and ecological vulnerability. Arid regions, such as Southern Xinjiang, often face unique ecological challenges, including water scarcity, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss, which can be exacerbated by human activities including transportation infrastructure development. By leveraging multi-source remote sensing data, this research aims to uncover the intricate dynamics between TSD and EHL in such a fragile ecological context. The findings of this study are critical for understanding the balance between infrastructural development and environmental conservation in arid regions and provide valuable insights for sustainable planning and policy-making in similar ecological settings. The research results show the following: (1) Over the study period, county-scale TSD in southern Xinjiang generally increased, while the conditions of EHL deteriorated, with higher EHL in the eastern counties than in the western counties. (2) Bivariate spatial autocorrelation analysis reveals a significant spatial dependency between county-scale TSD and EHL, with primary relationship types being LH (Low TSD − High EHL) and HL (High TSD − Low EHL). (3) Spatial regression model results indicate that an increase in TSD leads to the deterioration of county-scale EHL, and during the study period, it was observed that the interference of TSD on EHL gradually weakened.

Prospects for the development of the EAEU amid a confrontation between Russia and the West

The article examines the consequences of the Western states’ sanctions pressure on Russia for the EAEU. Special attention is paid to the position of the EAEU members amid two crucial events in the Ukrainian crisis: the reunification of Crimea with Russia (2014) and the beginning of a special military operation (SMO) in Ukraine (2022). Measures aimed at minimizing the damage from anti-Russian sanctions on the economies of the EAEU countries are considered, such as: customs, customs tariff and non-tariff regulation, protective measures; internal market and cooperation; financial and currency markets; international economic cooperation with third countries and integration associations. The priorities of Russia’s chairmanship in the EAEU in 2023 are analyzed. The prerequisites for the further development of the EAEU as a self-sufficient integration center in Eurasia and the prospects of the EAEU amid a confrontation between Russia and the West are examined. Among the negative factors slowing down the development of the EAEU the following stand out: the orientation of some members to the third countries’ markets, the modest pace of modernization and increasing the competitiveness of the economies of the EAEU countries, the insufficient level of development of transport infrastructure and logistics, the concerns of the EAEU members (Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan) of «secondary» sanctions, the absence of a consolidated position within the union regarding Western sanctions, the violation of transactional payments as an outcome of Russia’s disconnection from international payment systems. 

Sustainable Financing for Transport Infrastructure: An Integral Approach for the Russian Federation

The development of global transport infrastructure is a crucial aspect of economic growth and prosperity. In this study, the main trends in the development of global transport infrastructure are analyzed, with a focus on the state and trends in the functioning of the national transport infrastructure of the Russian Federation. By identifying key problems and determinants of financial growth, a preliminary decomposition is made to guide future development. Proceeding from the fact that the innovative development of Russia’s transport infrastructure should occur through state stimulation of the development of intellectual and partnership relationships and the formation of a digital environment for managing projects for its innovative transformation at the state level, this study identifies the goals, methods, and levels of ensuring the implementation of innovative transformations in transport infrastructure. Consideration of the historical aspects of the formation of the modern economy and comprehension of the mechanisms of state management and tools to ensure innovative transformations in the sphere of transport allowed us to identify three stages (dogmatic, strategic regulation, and innovative integration) of transformation regarding the theory of the state management for the innovative development of transport infrastructure in Russia. Taking into account the content of these periods of transformation allowed us to detail the specifics of the modern stage; highlight the shortcomings; and propose theoretical and methodological foundations for revising the provisions of the state regulation of innovative development in transport infrastructure. To determine the effectiveness of the processes of the state regulation of innovation activity in the transport industry, we propose a model for assessing the effectiveness of innovation activity in the transport complex, which is presented in the form of a three-level parametric system, where the first group of indicators allows us to assess the innovation activity of economic entities in the transport industry; the second allows us to assess innovation potential; and the third allows us to assess the effectiveness of innovation. The novelty of the proposed model is the consideration of the principles of dynamism, perspective, and expediency, and its application allows us to establish the level of innovative development in transport infrastructure. An important factor in ensuring the sustainable development of a country’s economy and forming its positive image in the world is its financial attractiveness. Therefore, the assessment of financial attractiveness is a priority task for the development of modern sustainable transport infrastructure in Russia.

Current Challenges of International Legal Regulation of EAEU — China Partnership in Transport and Logistics

At the current stage of development of international relations, when factional trends in the foreign policy of such significant world leaders as the European Union and the United States are only gaining momentum, China has become the main strategic partner for Russia likewise for the EAEU. Due to the introduction of international sanctions against both China and Russia, reorientation of economic cooperation and, therefore, transportation and logistics routes to the East seems to be the most correct development paradigm. However, at the current level of development of science and technology, it is necessary to expand and intensify the formation of the array of international legal legislation to create an effective basis for legal regulation of the transport and logistics industry for the growth of synergistic effect of integration processes in the Eurasian space.Aim. To analyze various aspects of international legal regulation of the ways of integration of the EAEU and China in the transport and logistics sphere to increase the level of economic interaction between the partner countries.Tasks. It is proposed to consider the main trends in the formation of an array of international legal acts aimed at creating a basis for effective cooperation between China and the EAEU in the current geopolitical conditions, taking into account the need to develop advanced regulation of the introduction of digital technologies, including the development of logistics platforms, to create conditions for seamless cargo transportation in the Eurasian region.Methods. The study used formal-legal and comparative-legal methods, deduction, synthesis, induction, as well as abstraction and system method.Results. The necessity to develop unified regulatory requirements both in the sphere of technical operation of different types of transport and the creation of a regulatory framework for the development of conjugate EAEU-China transport and logistics digital infrastructure, providing seamless multimodal transportation to obtain a synergistic effect from the economic integration of the Eurasian region was substantiated.Conclusions. The comprehensive diagnosis of the effectiveness of international partnershop between the EAEU and China in transport and logistics proposed by the authors of the study will allow to adjust the existing strategy of interaction between the countries and increase the efficiency of Eurasian integration through the implementation of measures aimed at the development of seamless logistics.

Existing evidence on the potential of soils constructed from mineral wastes to support biodiversity: a systematic map

Abstract Background The development of cities and transport infrastructure produces a large volume of mineral waste (e.g. excavated earth material). At the same time, cities are increasingly trying to develop green infrastructures, given the ecosystem services they provide to people, but this comes with considerable economic and environmental costs associated with the transfer of fertile soil from rural areas to cities. In a circular economy approach, the reuse of mineral waste to build fertile soil is a substantial opportunity to reduce the economic and environmental costs of both mineral waste management and green infrastructure development. Soils constructed from these materials (constructed Technosols) must be able to support vegetation growth and become a suitable living environment for soil organisms. This requires ecological engineering to maximise the potential of constructed soils for biodiversity, both from a taxonomic and functional perspective. In this context, we systematically mapped the evidence related to the ability of soils constructed from mineral wastes to support biodiversity. Methods We gathered published and grey literature through searches in two publications databases (Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection), one search engine (Google Scholar), nine organisational websites and through a call for literature. Titles, abstracts, and full-texts were successively screened using eligibility criteria. All included studies were described with coded variables and a database was produced. The extent of evidence was assessed and knowledge clusters and gaps were identified. Review findings The searches yielded 9265 articles, and 153 articles were retained after the screening process. More than half of these articles were from European countries, with France leading the field with 40 articles, followed by Spain (15 articles) and Italy (10 articles). Most of the articles (75%) were produced after 2015. The main reasons for constructing soils from mineral waste were for mine rehabilitation (35%), waste recycling (16%) and experimental purpose (15%). The 153 articles were divided into 1962 studies, a study being a combination of a taxon, an intervention (i.e. soil construction) and a measured outcome. Among these studies, the most studied biological group is plants (69% of studies) and especially herbaceous species (32%), followed by microorganisms (17%) and invertebrates (14%). The most used type of mineral waste is mine waste (31% of studies) followed by excavated soil (16%) and demolition waste (14%). Finally, the most frequently measured outcome is plant growth (42% of studies), followed by organism abundance (16%) and diversity (10%). Conclusions Three main knowledge clusters were identified which could be addressed in the future for full synthesis of the results: (1) How well do plants grow in soils constructed from mineral wastes? (2) What is the potential of soils constructed from mineral wastes to support biodiversity? and (3) How do microbial communities develop in soils constructed from mineral wastes? There is a lack of studies investigating several biological groups at the same time: only 6 articles out of 153 investigated the response of both plants, invertebrates and microorganisms to soil construction. More research is therefore needed on the ability to support a diversity of organisms.

Coin-Operated Public Electric Vehicle Charging Station with Solar Panels as the Energy Source

Electric transport is becoming increasingly popular as another option to use environmentally friendly energy in the form of transport. To support the development of electric transport, efficient and accessible charging infrastructure is required. Public Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (SPKLU) have become a major part of supporting long-distance travel and reducing the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on the environment. To increase the availability of SPKLUs and expand accessibility for electric vehicle users, this research aims to design an innovative coin-based SPKLU system that also utilizes solar energy through solar panels. The station can have a smaller environmental effect and lower operating costs by employing solar energy as its primary source. The examination included a review of the economy as well. As a result, those in charge, business owners, and communities who want to promote the usage of electric vehicles find it to be a desirable alternative.  As a result of this research, it was found that a full charge of a 20Ah battery only requires a coin of Rp 7000

Развитие подходов к оценке эффективности функционирования пассажирских транспортно-пересадочных узлов

Objective: the article proposes a method for assessing the efficiency of passenger transport hubs, based on the key principles of operation management. Methods: to achieve the goal of the study, methods of calculating coefficients evaluating compliance with the basic principles of operations management, methods of statistical analysis and data processing, and the method of simulation are used. To carry out the research, materials from scientific papers on the chosen topic, periodicals, as well as Internet resources, including open data from the St. Petersburg Transport Committee, were used. Results: the main scientific result is a method developed by the author to evaluate the efficiency of passenger transport hubs, based on the key principles of operations management. The proposed method takes into account the specifics and characteristics of passenger transport hubs and can be used at any stage of their life cycle, including at the design stage. Unlike the available methods, the proposed methodology allows timely detection and elimination of “bottlenecks” in the planning solutions of a passenger transport hub. Practical significance: as a result of testing the methodology on the example of the Volkovskaya transport interchange hub project, practical recommendations were formed to eliminate bottlenecks and increase the capacity of the facility. The author’s developments can be used in the executive bodies of state power responsible for the development of urban transport infrastructure, and in design organizations in the planning processes for the construction and modernization of passenger transport hubs, as well as in evaluating the effectiveness of their work.

Dynamics of Urban Transport Arrangement Policies to Support the Achievement of Sustainable Transportation

This article analyses the dynamics of the transport policy of the government of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and the administration’s efforts to organise transportation for sustainability. A qualitative method with a case study approach is used in the research. For data analysis, an interactive model and NVivo 12 Plus qualitative data analysis software were used. The results suggested several initiatives that the government of Yogyakarta must undertake to implement sustainable transportation, including transportation policies, infrastructure development and public awareness. The Yogyakarta government does not yet have regulations that form the basis for the implementation of sustainable transportation in the region. Sustainable transport has only recently become a developmental priority in the 2020–2024 regional mid-term development plan, which reflects the Indonesian government’s lagging in promoting sustainable transport on a national and regional scale. For sustainable transport infrastructure, the government of Yogyakarta has operated the rapid bus system Trans Jogja for public transport. However, the implementation of Trans Jogja has been suboptimal because it is considered unable to meet the needs of the community and forces the people of Yogyakarta to use private vehicles for daily mobility. Therefore, The Yogyakarta government is currently working on electric energy-based public transportation (electromobility), which is more environmentally friendly as it does not use fuel oil and has low emissions.

Influence of Interior Column on the Behaviour of Quasi-Rectangular Tunnel

The growing population in major cities around the world requires significant development of transportation infrastructure, especially underground system. It requires the construction of more subway lines, and larger tunnel cross-sections. In underground construction, a cross-sectional shape which is a combination of circular and rectangular tunnels is an advanced trend. This shape incorporates the advantages of both forms. There are two terminologies used to classify these shapes, including sub-rectangular and quasi-rectangular tunnels. While the sub-rectangular tunnel lacks an interior column, the quasi-rectangular tunnel includes an interior column located at the center of tunnel. Recent studies focus on separately investigating the behavior of sub-rectangular and quasi-rectangular tunnels using various methods such as numerical methods, analytical methods, and experimental methods. The present study conducted a numerical comparison of these two types of tunnels. The results indicated that the presence of an interior column help to increase the stability of the lining structure. The internal forces within the quasi-rectangular tunnel with an interior column are smaller than those of the sub-rectangular tunnel and quasi-rectangular tunnel without an interior column.

Food supply in the context of destabilization of the global economy

The goal is to analyze the state of food supply for the country's population in the context of destabilization of the world economy, inflation of prices for goods, primarily food, which in recent years have had a steady growth pattern. Methods – comparative analysis, economicstatistical, cause-and-effect. Results - the main signs of instability in economic situation in the world, their characteristics, main causes and consequences are revealed. The average annual growth rate of agricultural production for 2000-2020, 2020-2022 is shown and their impact on per capita supply of basic products and consumption rates. Comparison of these indicators allows to identify actual level of food support in Kazakhstan for specific years. The authors note that in the last two decades, physiological dietary and calorie standards for certain food products have not yet been achieved. Food security is also determined by the share of imports in consumer demand. Conclusions - it is recommended in the near and medium term to take effective measures to increase main types of products to volumes that will allow to move to import substitution and per capita consumption to the standards of physiological needs. Measures of state support to create favorable economic and organizational conditions for doing business in agricultural sector of the republic are proposed. Resolving food issue is recognized as the highest priority of government policy. The results of the study have practical significance for the organization and management of food supply system. It is important to promote the use of innovative technologies for production, processing, storage and rational use of food; formation of effective system for distribution of raw materials and agricultural products from producers to the final consumer; development of transport and warehouse infrastructure for wholesale trade.

Ukraine’s post-war recovery program as a basis for the development of electric vehicles and electric infrastructure

The article is devoted to the determination of the development of domestic electric vehicle transport and electric vehicle infrastructure on the basis of such an economic and legal instrument as the post-war recovery program of Ukraine, taking into account EU approaches in the legal regulation of decarbonization of the transport sector. The European Commission adopted the Communiqué to the European Parliament, the European Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions «Assistance and Reconstruction of Ukraine» on 18.05.2022, where the provision of funds for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine is conditioned by our country’s compliance with current European policies and standards, one of which there is decarbonization. Therefore, Ukraine should carry out post-war reconstruction taking into account the experience and approaches outlined by the international acts of the EU. The National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the Consequences of the War, a consultative and advisory body under the President of Ukraine, proposed a draft Plan for the Recovery of Ukraine. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the project component of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine «Restoration and development of infrastructure». It was concluded that the project of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine and its component «Recovery and development of infrastructure» is an economic and legal instrument of a programmatic nature. It establishes a systematic approach to the more active use of electric vehicles and the development of electric charging stations. The plan defines short-term, medium-term and strategic tasks for the development of electric mobility infrastructure. The general program approaches defined in this act correspond to the directions established by the normative legal acts that were adopted to regulate the issues of environmentalization of the domestic transport sector before the war, as well as the general directions of the development of the charging infrastructure of electric vehicles, outlined by the international acts adopted in the EU. The disadvantage is that a complete transition to electric transport for the transportation of passengers on urban and suburban routes is foreseen in the medium term, which is an extremely limited period. In the Plan, it is expedient to use the objective indicators of the development of the system of electric filling stations, which are established in the domestic regulatory and technical acts. Also, the directions of the development of electric transport and the network of electric gas stations should be reflected in the programs of comprehensive restoration of the region, the territory of the territorial community.

Numerical Simulation Study of the Vibrational Response of Continuous Arch Tunnels under the Action of Overlying Train Loads

With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure in China, continuous arch tunnels passing under existing operational railways are increasingly encountered. This paper primarily investigates the mechanical response patterns of the lining of continuous arch tunnels under the vibrational loads generated by trains traveling on railways. To this end, a three-dimensional finite element model of the dynamic response of continuous arch tunnels under train vibrational loads was constructed using Midas GTS/NX software. This model explores the patterns of acceleration, dynamic displacement, and dynamic strain responses of continuous arch tunnels under the action of moving train loads. The study reveals that under train vibrational loads, the vertical acceleration, vertical displacement, and strain time history curves at various monitoring points in the continuous arch tunnel exhibit vibrational characteristics. The acceleration, vertical displacement, and dynamic strain increase as the train enters, fluctuate within a certain range, and then decrease to zero as the train exits. Under high-speed train loads, the acceleration peak values at the arch feet and outer sidewalls of the left and right tunnels are larger, with a greater peak value difference. The vertical displacement peak values at the arch shoulders and crown are larger, whereas those at the middle partition wall and base slab are smaller. During the process from the train's entry to its exit, the dynamic strain exhibits a trend of initially increasing, then stabilizing, and finally decreasing to zero, all while displaying vibrational characteristics. The strain response on the tunnel side where the train enters is greater than that on the side where it exits.

Особенности использования кластерного подхода при организации государственно-частного партнерства в сфере туризма

The study of the features of using the cluster approach in organizing public-private partnerships in the field of tourism is highly relevant in the context of the continued sanctions regime against Russia by the United States and the European Union. This is due, on the one hand, to the multiple growth of domestic tourism in many regions of Russia, and on the other, to high geopolitical risks and limited financial resources of Russian business. The article describes the dynamics of the development of public-private partnerships and its organizational features in the Russian Federation. In particular, the absolute priority of the share of concession agreements in the overall structure of public-private partnership projects in 2022 is shown; the structural differences between the initiatives of public-private partnership projects in Europe and the Russian Federation in 2020-2022 are identified, as well as the national characteristics of public-private partnerships in relation to the tourism complex, the organization of which is still a poorly developed method of improving national tourism. A significant difference between a domestic organization and a foreign one is that in Russia tourism is considered as a separate sector, while in Europe public-private partnership projects indirectly influence the improvement of tourism in the regions through the development of transport and social infrastructures. Whereas in Russia, in addition to projects of indirect importance, much attention is paid to potentially useful objects for increasing direct endogenous tourism indicators, such as the number of tourist arrivals, the number of foreign arrivals, increasing the share of tourism in GDP, passenger traffic, etc. It is concluded that a characteristic feature of the development of the tourism complex in the public-private partnership (PPP) format can be considered the use of the cluster approach as the main one. This allowed the authors to reveal a set of advantages of PPP in tourism; formulate the characteristics of a tourism cluster formed through the association of representatives of government agencies and private business; propose a scheme for the effectiveness of PPP design in tourism using a cluster approach.

Governing collaborative networks in mega transport projects development: Integrative findings from 34 cases worldwide

To enhance the development of transport infrastructure, various networks characterised by cross-sector, interorganisational collaborations have been designed, structured and deployed to tackle project complexities and achieve predefined objectives. However, these endeavours have received limited scrutiny in prior studies. To address this gap and gain novel insights, we conduct a multi-case review of 34 mega transport projects (MTPs) across 14 countries and regions from the perspective of network-based collaboration governance. Three communal complexities that trigger the governance demand for collaborative networks are first identified, followed by an evaluation of their relationships with network structures and governance mechanisms. The findings reveal a multi-level structure within collaborative networks encompassing collaborative governance, financial governance and interorganisational governance, each of which involves distinct governance structures, processes and orchestrators. Following the above-mentioned analysis, we propose an integrative framework to underpin the typology for collaborative network governance, which enables MTPs to improve cross-sector, interorganisational collaboration. Furthermore, these findings consolidate the knowledge base for MTP development, providing a cross-disciplinary platform to guide developed, developing and undeveloped topics and the related discourse in this important field of academic endeavour.

Possibilities of using econometrical methods in studying of interregional interactions of migration in transportation

Thе article presents a set of methodological approaches to forecasting the spatial heterogeneity of transportation migration flows in Russia. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological basis for forecasting the migration flows spatial heterogeneity. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the presentation and systematization of methodological approaches specific to studying socio-economic factors affecting migration flows considering spatial heterogeneity in the context of the Russia. The study has potential practical value for developing effective migration policies and strategies of spatial development in the country. The study uses general scientific methods of cognition and system-structural analysis and theoretical research method. In the course of the work, a literature review was conducted and forecasting methods applicable in studying migration flows in the ratio of transport accessibility, which are based on the real data analysis, have been analyzed. The results of the study showed that it is possible to study migration flows by spatial autocorrelation methods, and the main explanation of this process is socio-economic factors. Regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between migration flows and such factors as income level, development of transportation infrastructure, accessibility, education and other factors calculated in absolute units. The Moran index application to the migration flows analysis is a scientifically new method that allows us to study the migration spatial aspects in more depth and to identify their characteristics and interrelationships at a new level. The methods base obtained can be useful for calculations and further informed decision-making aimed at reducing spatial inequalities and stimulating sustainable spatial development.